Alocas and balancing

henderson

New member
Nov 15, 1997
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> I am a little confused about Alcoas and balancing. I have been told that they do need to be balanced and I have
> been told that they do not. What is the correct routine?
>
> Vic Marks
> Vancouver, BC
> 75 transmode

Vic: I purchased the Alcoa rims last year and had help from a race shop in getting everything balanced. I can't
tell you how to do yours, but I will tell you what I learned from these guys that make a living building and
racing cars.

First off, I found that race enthusiasts are real picky about balancing EVERYTHING ! Components are balanced
separately, and then together. So when I brought in the aluminium rims, the shop ran 3 of the 6 on their machine,
they found all 3 were in perfect balance, so accepted the others as being such also. (I realize that a
statistician would say that's not enough data points...but hey, that was the decision...!) My new 16"
Bridgestone E's were then put on all the rims and each balanced perfectly as a unit.

However, no such luck with the discs and drums! All were checked separately and were all badly out of balance.
It took some grinding and drilling to get these right. Of course all this work is for naught if the alignment is
not also checked...which in this case was, with and without the wheels installed on the coach. (But that is a
whole other subject!)

Anyway, I can only assume that these racing guys don't sweat all this small stuff for nothing...afterall, on the
track, it's money in the bank for them. (All this work was done in the name of our friendship -free- so this shop
had no incentive to do anything non-productive).

I wish I could offer some definitive before/after data, but can't. I can only say that my logic tells me the
truer all the wheels and components run, the smoother the ride, and the longer the component life, ie bearings,
shocks, bushings, etc. I also know that my before picture was not pretty: riding on steel radial rims, with
16.5" radial tires, typically balanced and aligned, pressured to manufacturers recommendation, felt like driving
on a gravel road that never ended. With the 4 bag system, balanced/aligned Alcoa rims w/Bridgestone
LT225/75R16-E's pressured to manufacturers recommendation ........I get a ride akin to a magic carpet!

Which of the improvements was most responsible for that, I can't say.....but I suspect not any one of them
alone. As a package though, they have produced marvelous results. And I can safely state that while the driver
may be unbalanced sometimes, the coach runs true!

BTW, I am told any shop that has the equipment to balance a shaft can also balance other components, ie discs and
drums etc. The only difficulty is in finding the arbors to hold these GMC parts on the machine. I had to have a
machinist manufacture these specialized parts to use on the shops' balancing machine.

Tom Henderson
78 Birchaven 23'
http://gmc76.tripod.com
 
Tom, Tom, Henry & Vic,

I had not heard that explaination before about trying to improve
manufacturing but it makes good sence. The tire manufacturers know the
problem and try many things to compensate. Some manufacturers mark the
heavy side of the tire with a blue dot and recomend the stem be put
opposite the mark to help offset for the off balance.

It is true that a tire changes shape as it spins up, look at a top fuel
dragster doing a burn out. I think though that if a tire is accurate at
rest that it has a better chance of staying true as it spins up, I don't
know but it makes sense to me.

Yes, I also strongly recommend heating a tire up before doing anything to
it. The cords need a chance to round themselves out and the rubber
compound needs to be heated up to get its shape. The first step of the
truing/balance process is to jack up the coach while the tires are hot,
this way the tires keep their round shape as they cool down. I drive new
tires around my test loop at least a couple of times before I do anything
to them, I get them up to highway speed a couple of times and get them good
and hot.

I agree that it does not seem to be manditory to true tires to get a good
ride, the many people that do not have it done attest to that but I will
tell you that every tire I have ever put on my machine show at least some
amount of out of roundness and can be improved by going under the blade!

I do not grind of piles of material like many people do, in fact the
seasoned "Ol Salt" that introduced me to the practice says I run the tool
like a "panty waste". I carefully cut off the "bad rubber" down to the low
point of the tire without touching that point. It is a bit tedious but I
try to be very aware of how deep I cut. The material I take off only
causes the tire to heat up by adding friction and causes the trouble.
Those that have watched me can attest to my procedure.

Tom, you are very right, the outcome will only be as good as the weakest
link and checking every component for roundness would be prudent but the
equipement to do such testing is few and far between. The best most of us
meer mortals can do is to investigate the most gaping trouble areas and
hope that thew rest is close. The tires & wheels seem to make the largest
impact on the situation.

Vic, most tire stores dynamically balance tires today. It is done with a
big impressive piece of equipement that magically tells you where to put
the weights after a few noise girations. It has alote to do with
showmanship & marketing. Remember, they are selling services that any of
their techs. canperform without much instruction, it is fast and they can
make $ with it. The customer feels they have gotten something for their
money and leave with piece of mind.

Before I got involved with all of this I remember getting new tires and
hearing a bump-bump sound and figured I needed to drive the tires a while
to "break them in". I know now that the tires were out of balance and they
were not set up properly.

Dynamic balancing spins up the tire/rim assy. at different speeds and
strtegically positions weights to make the tire spin smoothly at those
different speeds. Someone suggested rechecking a tire after a dynamic
balance by remounting it in a different position and see what the same
machine says, it will susally give a different set of instructions. The
machines is eather out of adjustment or simple cannot accuratly interperate
the information it creates. A dynamically balanced tire will have weights
scattered out on the front and back of the rim.

Static balancing is a fancy word for the old style "bubble balance" method.
It relies onbalancing the tire using gravity and a lavel machine. Weights
are placed on the rim to allow the rim & tire to float level. I static
balance tires on my truing machine, I find the heavy side of the tire and
offset it with weights on the opposite side. A static balanced tire will
have weights if neededin only one place on the rim.

Eather method is not any good on a GMC motorhome without truing though.
Balancing assumes that the tire is round and will not bounce. If the
tire/rim assy. is round first, balancing can then be done giving you a
smooth ride.

On a GMC, the tire must be physically round, not just round by weights when
spinning. If one of the rear tires bounces up say, the other tire on that
side is pushed down because they are linked by the air bag and the fact
that the weight of the coach is despersed between the two tires. The two
tires set up a sympathetic vibration at 55-65mph if they are not really
round. Truing makes the tires round and eliminates this vibration. This
works!

A tire could actually be balanced but not round, this is why dynamic
balancing does not work well on our coaches.

Sorry, blew a hole in my windbag, hope this helps! Gotta get to bed,
tomorrow is "hump day".

Jim Bounds
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